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<br />1. INTRODUCTION <br /> <br />Traffic calming is the use of engineered solutions to reduce vehicle speeds to an appropriate level <br />and to encourage motorists to utilize appropriate through routes across the city, rather than cut <br />through residential neighborhoods. The Institute of Transportation Engineers defines traffic <br />calming as "the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the negative effects of <br />motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior and improve conditions for non-motorized street users". <br /> <br />Purpose of Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program: The purpose of the Neighborhood Traffic <br />Calming Program (NTCP) is to improve livability and quality of life by deploying of a wide array <br />of engineered calming devices. A NTCP provides a more comprehensive and objective approach <br />to traffic calming on local residential and residential collector roadways. <br /> <br />2. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION <br /> <br />Local residential streets and residential collectors are eligible roadways in the NTCP. Non- <br />residential local roadways and collectors, residential arterials and arterials do not qualify under <br />the NTCP. These street designations are defined in the City's General Plan. The Neighborhood <br />Traffic Calming Program does not provide the mechanism to change the roadway designation in <br />the General Plan; a General Plan Amendment is required. <br /> <br />Local residential streets are low-speed, low-volume roadways that provide for circulation within <br />residential neighborhoods, with direct access to access to abutting land uses. They typically have <br />two travel lanes with parking on both sides. <br /> <br />Collector streets are relatively low-speed, medium-volume roadways that collect and distribute <br />local traffic moving between local and arterial streets. Collector routes provide for circulation <br />between neighborhoods. Average daily traffic volumes are generally less than 10,000 vehicles <br />per day. Residential collectors are those collectors within residential areas, as defined in the <br />General Plan, and typically have two travel lanes with curbside parking. <br /> <br />Arterials serve as the basic network for through traffic in and around San Leandro. They provide <br />connections between the freeways and major destinations in the city and carry cross-town and <br />commercial traffic. Arterial streets generally provide direct access to adjacent land uses, although <br />access may be restricted by medians and dividers. Curb cuts for driveways are limited to <br />essential points and curb parking may be restricted where lane capacity is needed. Arterials may <br />have two, four or six travel lanes. Residential arterials are those that traverse residential <br />neighborhoods. <br /> <br />Due to the difference in functionality between roadways primarily meant to provide access to <br />abutting land uses and roadways meant to carry through traffic, the identified problems and <br />solutions for these roadways differ. Traffic calming devices are appropriate on roadways serving <br />high volumes of through traffic. It is for this reason that non-residential roadway and arterial <br />roadways are not eligible in the NTCP. <br /> <br />City of San Leandro, Engineering and Transportation Page 2 of23 <br />4/20/06 NEIGHBORHOOD TRAFFIC CALMING PROGRAM <br />