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<br />'r <br /> <br />IN-PAVEMENT LIGHTED CROSSWALKS <br /> <br />DESCRIPTION: A recent development in pedestrian warning devices is the in-pavement lights <br />along the crosswalk. This can be coupled with pedestrian crossing signs with flashing lights <br />simulating the in-pavement lights. Studies show that a greater proportion of drivers yield the <br />right-of-way to pedestrians in these specially-equipped crosswalks. The lights can be activated <br />either by the pedestrian, or passively through detection. The lights are an application of aircraft <br />runway landing lights embedded in the pavement and are very bright, even in direct sunlight. <br /> <br />APPLICATION: This device can be used to enhance pedestrian safety at a crossing location <br />with a high number of pedestrians, such as in front of a school or in a commercial district. These <br />devices may be coupled with bulb-outs, medians and other devices for even greater pedestrian <br />crossing notification. <br /> <br />LIMITATIONS: There are no long term studies of whether drivers become used to these lights <br />and revert to more typical behavior of not yielding to pedestrians in crosswalks. The City will be <br />evaluating the recently installed in-pavement lighted crosswalks to determine their long term <br />effectiveness. These devices shall not be installed in locations already controlled by other traffic <br />control devices, such as at stop signs or traffic signals. Caution should be used when determining <br />if the use of in-pavement lighted crosswalks are an appropriate application. In general, the <br />Federal Highway Administration guidelines (2002) regarding the use of crosswalks at <br />uncontrolled locations should be considered. <br /> <br />ADV ANT AGES: <br />· Effective in enhancing pedestrian visibility <br /> <br />DISADVANTAGES: <br />. Additional studies are needed to determine long term effects <br />. May not be appropriate under certain circumstances <br /> <br />TYPICAL COSTS: Typical costs range from $35,000 to $50,000. Annual maintenance cost is <br />$1000. <br /> <br />PICTURE TO BE INSERTED <br /> <br />City of San Leandro, Engineering and Transportation Page 18 of 23 <br />4/20/06 NEIGHBORHOOD TRAFFIC CALMING PROGRAM <br />