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SAN LEANDRO SHORELINE DEVELOPMENT DRAFT EIR <br />CITY OF SAN LEANDRO <br />AIR QUALITY <br />TABLE 4.2-1 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR CRITERIA POLLUTANTS <br />Averaging California Federal Primary <br />Pollutant Time Standard Standard Major Pollutant Sources <br />Vinyl Chloride 24 hour 0.01 ppm No Federal Vinyl chloride (chloroethene), a chlorinated hydro - <br />Standard carbon, is a colorless gas with a mild, sweet odor. Most <br />vinyl chloride is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) <br />plastic and vinyl products. Vinyl chloride has been <br />detected near landfills, sewage plants, and hazardous <br />waste sites, due to microbial breakdown of chlorinated <br />solvents. <br />Notes: ppm: parts per million; pg/m3: micrograms per cubic meter <br />* Standard has not been established for this pollutant/duration by this entity. <br />a. On June 2, 2010, a new 1 -hour SO2 standard was established and the existing 24-hour and annual primary standards were revoked <br />Source: California Air Resources Board, 2013, Ambient Air Quality Standards, http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/aaqs/aags2.pdf, June. <br />BAAQMD Community Air Risk Evaluation Program <br />The BAAQMD's Community Air Risk Evaluation (CARE) program was initiated in 2004 to evaluate and <br />reduce health risks associated with exposure to outdoor TACs in the Bay Area. Based on findings of the <br />latest report, Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) was found to account for approximately 85 percent of the <br />cancer risk from airborne toxics. Carcinogenic compounds from gasoline -powered cars and light duty <br />trucks were also identified as significant contributors: 1,3 -butadiene contributed four percent of the <br />cancer risk-weighted emissions, and benzene contributed three percent. Collectively, five compounds— <br />diesel PM, 1,3 -butadiene, benzene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde—were found to be responsible for <br />more than 90 percent of the cancer risk attributed to emissions. All of these compounds are associated <br />with emissions from internal combustion engines. The most important sources of cancer risk-weighted <br />emissions were combustion -related sources of DPM, including on -road mobile sources (31 percent), <br />construction equipment (29 percent), and ships and harbor craft (13 percent). A 75 percent reduction in <br />DPM was predicted between 2005 and 2015 when the inventory accounted for CARB's diesel regulations. <br />Overall, cancer risk from TACs dropped by more than 50 percent between 2005 and 2015, when emissions <br />inputs accounted for state diesel regulations and other reductions." <br />Modeled cancer risks from TACs in 2005 were highest near sources of DPM: near core urban areas, along <br />major roadways and freeways, and near maritime shipping terminals. Peak modeled risks were found to <br />be located east of San Francisco, near West Oakland, and the Maritime Port of Oakland. BAAQMD has <br />identified seven impacted communities in the Bay Area: <br />■ Western Contra Costa County and the cities of Richmond and San Pablo <br />■ Western Alameda County along the Interstate 880 (1-880) corridor and the cities of Berkeley, Alameda, <br />Oakland, San Leandro, and Hayward <br />■ San Jose <br />■ Eastern side of San Francisco <br />■ Concord <br />21 Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD), 2014. Improving Air Quality & Health in Bay Area Communities, <br />Community Air Risk Program (CARE) Retrospective & Path Forward (2004 — 2013). April <br />PLACEWORKS 4.2-11 <br />