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SAN LEANDRO SHORELINE DEVELOPMENT DRAFT EIR CITY OF SAN LEANDRO HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY increases in runoff flows from new development and redevelopment projects. This goal is to be accomplished primarily through the implementation of low impact development (LID) techniques. Federal Emergency Management Agency The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) administers the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) to provide subsidized flood insurance to communities that comply with FEMA regulations limiting development in floodplains.z FEMA also issues Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS) that identify which land areas are subject to flooding. These maps provide flood information and identify flood hazard zones in the community. The design standard for flood protection is established by FEMA. FEMA's minimum level of flood protection for new development is the 100 -year flood event, also described as a flood that has a 1 -in -100 chance of occurring in any given year. Additionally, FEMA has developed requirements and procedures for evaluating earthen levee systems and mapping the areas affected by those systems.3 Levee systems are evaluated for their ability to provide protection from 100 -year flood events and the results of this evaluation are documented in the FEMA Levee Inventory System (FLIS). Levee systems must meet minimum freeboard standards and must be maintained according to an officially adopted maintenance plan. Other FEMA levee system evaluation criteria include structural design and interior drainage. Minimum NFIP floodplain management building requirements are applicable to some portions of the Project site per Title 44 Code of Federal Regulations, Sections 59 through 65. The portion of the project west of Monarch Bay Drive and just north of the existing boat launch is located in a Special Flood Hazard Zone VE, which is defined as a coastal flood zone where base flood wave heights are 3 feet or greater, or where other damaging base flood wave effects have been identified.' The project areas east of Monarch Bay Drive are outside of the 100 -year floodplain. As required by the FEMA regulations, all development constructed within the Special Flood Hazard Zone (as delineated on the FIRM) must be elevated so that the lowest floor is at or above the base flood elevation level. The term "development" is defined by FEMA as any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate, including but not limited to buildings, other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations, and storage of equipment or materials. Per these regulations, if development in these areas occurs, a hydrologic and hydraulic analysis must be performed prior to the start of development, and must demonstrate that the development does not cause any rise in base flood elevation levels, as no rise is permitted within regulatory floodways. Upon completion of any development that changes existing Special Flood Hazard Areas, the NFIP directs all participating communities to submit the appropriate hydrologic and hydraulic data to FEMA for a FIRM revision, as soon as practicable, but not later than six months after such data becomes available. FEMA is currently conducting a new coastal study called the California Coastal Analysis and Mapping Program (CCAMP) that will revise and update flood and wave data for San Francisco Bay and its estuaries. 2 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), http://www.fema.gov/hazard/flood/index.shtm, accessed August 1, 2014. 3 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 2003, Guidelines and Specifications for Flood Hazard Mapping Partners, http://www.fema.gov/1ibrary/viewRecord.do?id=2206, accessed August 1, 2014. 4 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 2014. FEMA FIRM Panel Nos. 06001CO254G and 06001CO258G, dated August 3, 2009, https:Hmsc.fema.gov/portal/search?AddressQuery=San%20Leandro%2C%20CA, accessed October 20, 2014. PLACEWORKS 4.8-3