Reso 2018-116 - Laserfiche WebLink

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The next generation of wireless networks, 5G, are being designed and developed, with forecasted commercial availability in 2020 and an increased maturity of the network in approximately 2035. 5G networks operate multiple frequencies (i.e., 5 -GHz, 60 -GHz, 0.47-0.71 GHz) and will utilize millimeter wavelengths. 5G networks will operate on the IEEE 802.1 lac, 802.1 lad, and 802.11af standards, also known as Gigabit Wi-Fi and are expected to provide download/upload speeds up to 1 Gbps, which depends on the number of connections. The networks are designed to provide increased efficiencies while decreasing latency, and are designed for improving the performance of connected devices that define the IoT. In particular, network architectures with an emphasis on massive multiple input multiple output technologies (MIMO) and device -to -device (D2D) communications. For example, autonomous vehicles, healthcare technologies (such as blood glucose monitoring), ultra -high-definition video, virtual reality with many more network designs architectures and other applications. With 5G networks being heterogeneous, it must include macrocells, microcells, small cells and relays. Satellite Satellite internet uses licensed radio spectrum to send data from and to anywhere on Earth. The signals go on a 46,000 -mile roundtrip from earth -bound devices through the atmosphere via the satellite and back to earth to another computing device. These radio signals have limited capacity and thus the connections tend to be slow. Because of the distance the signal must travel, satellite transmissions are susceptible to weather. Satellite should be considered a last resort for all but the most rural and remote areas. Areas with a high adoption of satellite generally indicates a need for better service. Today, the federal government finds that no satellite broadband service meets the 25/3 Mbps threshold of broadband. Modern 21St Century Networks Modern 21st century networks are comprised of a combination of technologies, not just one. Fiber is used in nearly all modern networks as it carries the most "data" and bandwidth when compared to other access technologies. Fiber is used not only for last mile access, but also as a middle -mile technology that carries data from cell towers, Wi- Fi hotspots, and other networks. Fiber is the backbone of the internet. Wireless also plays a role in a modern network. Wireless access takes many forms including cellular, fixed wireless, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, ZWave, and many others. Wireless offers a mobile or untethered experience that fiber cannot. However, the trade - 24 1 P City of San Leandro, CA Fiber Master Plan