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3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST <br />1388 Bancroft Avenue Project City of San Leandro <br />Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration November 2018 <br />3.0-10 <br />small size, these particles can be inhaled and eventually trapped in the bronchial and alveolar regions of the lung. <br />CARB does not classify PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) as a toxic air contaminant. However, the <br />BAAQMD has determined that both long-term and short-term exposure to PM2.5 can cause a wide <br />range of health effects. PM2.5 is a complex mixture of substances that includes elements such as carbon and metals; compounds such as nitrates, organics, and sulfates; and complex mixtures such as diesel exhaust and wood smoke. PM2.5 can be emitted directly and can also be formed <br />in the atmosphere through reactions among different pollutants (BAAQMD 2017a). <br />Ambient Air Quality <br />The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the State of California have established health-based ambient air quality standards for the criteria pollutants described above, as well as <br />for lead, sulfates, hydrogen sulfide, vinyl chloride, and visibility-reducing particles. Air quality <br />standards are designed to protect the health and welfare of the populace with a reasonable margin of safety. <br />Areas with air quality that exceed adopted air quality standards are designated as nonattainment <br />areas for the relevant air pollutants, while areas that comply with air quality standards are <br />designated as attainment areas. The SFBAAB’s current attainment status with regard to federal and state ambient air quality standards is summarized in Table 3.3-2. The region is nonattainment <br />for federal ozone and PM2.5 standards, as well as for state ozone, PM10, and PM2.5 standards <br />(BAAQMD 2017a). <br />TABLE 3.3-2 <br />FEDERAL AND STATE AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ATTAINMENT STATUS FOR THE <br />SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA AIR BASIN <br />Pollutant Averaging Time <br />California Standards National Standards <br />Concentration Attainment <br />Status Concentration Attainment <br />Status <br />Ozone (O3) <br />8 Hours 0.070 ppm <br />(137µg/m3) N 0.070 ppm N <br />1 Hour 0.090 ppm <br />(180 µg/m3) N No standard Not <br />applicable <br />Carbon Monoxide <br />(CO) <br />8 Hours 9.0 ppm <br />(10 mg/m3) A 9 ppm <br />(10 mg/m3) A <br />1 Hour 20 ppm <br />(23 mg/m3) A 35 ppm <br />(40 mg/m3) A <br />Nitrogen Dioxide <br />(NO2) <br />1 Hour 0.18 ppm <br />(339 µg/m3) A 0.100 ppm U <br />Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.030 ppm <br />(57 µg/m3) 0.053 ppm <br />(100 µg/m3) A