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11 rounds) of their Homeless, Housing Assistance Program (HHAP) funds for the needs of Transition Age Youth. Alameda County and the CoC have used initial HHAP funding on increasing system access, additional interim housing, and services paired with housing subsidies dedicated to TAY. Veterans Veterans experience additional needs and challenges based on their Veteran status and, for many, their experiences in the military leading to challenges such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In the 2019 PIT Count survey, unsheltered veterans most frequently cited mental health issues as the primary cause of their homelessness (18%), while sheltered veterans most frequently cited a rent increase (13%). Unsheltered veterans attributed their homelessness to job loss at nearly twice the rate as sheltered veterans (15% and 8% respectively). The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides a broad range of benefits and services to Veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces. These benefits may involve different forms of financial assistance, including monthly cash payments to disabled veterans, health care, education, and housing benefits. Assistance to obtain these resources is critical, and not all Veterans qualify. In addition to these supports, the VA and HUD partner to provide targeted housing and support services to veterans currently experiencing homelessness or at risk of experiencing homelessness. These include the VASH (Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing) and SSVF (Supportive Services for Veteran Families) programs which provide permanent subsidies with services, and transitional subsidies, shallow subsidies and prevention support to veterans and their families. These resources provide a critical piece of the homeless response system for most veterans, though some must still rely on general population resources as they are precluded from accessing VA supports based on discharge status and length of service. Older Adults As mentioned above, older adults are a significant and growing part of the population experiencing homelessness in Alameda County and around the country. Geriatric conditions are common among older adults experiencing homelessness, and their health and risk of adverse impacts are comparable to housed adults who are 20 years older.29 Services and housing that address geriatric conditions are needed for older homeless adults. Recognizing that older adults often have additional and specific service needs, Permanent Supportive Housing (PSH) for Seniors is included as a future inventory need for the homeless system as a more service-intensive version of PSH for formerly homeless adults who can no longer live independently. Stakeholders in the CRE process determined that our ideal homeless system should include enough inventory to serve 10% of adult-only households with PSH for Seniors.30 In addition, the model recognizes that many older adults live on fixed incomes which are often low and stagnant compared to housing costs. Dedicated affordable housing for older adults can ensure that many formerly homeless seniors will be able to live independently on their fixed incomes. The System Model includes pathways for Seniors to access Dedicated Affordable Housing from both sheltered and unsheltered homeless living situations. 29 Geriatric Conditions in a Population-Based Sample of Older Homeless Adults (2017) | Kushel et al | The Gerontologist, Volume 57, Issue 4, August 2017, Pages 757–766. https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/57/4/757/2631974 30 Oakland-Berkeley-Alameda County Continuum of Care. Centering Racial Equity in Homeless System Design. January 2021. https://everyonehome.org/centering-racial-equity/