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6 Department to expand services to Spanish-speaking families with young children through funding from First 5 Alameda County is an example of a successful effort to support student and family well-being and expand early identification and support for students with special needs.3 ii. Transition-Age Youth A host of factors is creating a new stage between adolescence and adulthood: well-paying jobs require increasing amounts of education, expanded opportunities for young women mean that early marriage and childbearing are less common, and high housing costs make it difficult for many young people to establish their own households.4 Transition-age youth – young people moving from adolescence into young adulthood – are approximately between the ages of 18 and 26. There is little social infrastructure to support the most vulnerable young people in this transition – particularly those young people who have been system-involved or have become disconnected from school.5 In San Leandro, the population of young people ages 20-24 increased by 11% from 2006-10 to 2010-14. Disconnection from school and work among transition-age youth, particularly among lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth, was mentioned in more than one stakeholder interview. While the graduation rate in San Leandro Unified School District has increased steadily in recent years, from 79.9% in 2010 to 87% in 2015, a total of 539 students who would have graduated during those years left school without graduating. These transition-age youth are likely to need specific services and interventions to support them to make a healthy transition to adulthood.6 iii. Vulnerable Seniors Three groups of vulnerable seniors came to light in this analysis: seniors who speak Spanish or Asian languages at home, grandparents raising their grandchildren, and renters. Access to services in Asian languages and in Spanish is very important for San Leandro’s seniors, as 79% of seniors who speak Asian and Pacific Islander languages, 59% of seniors who speak Spanish, and 46% of seniors who speak other languages speak English less than very well. Households in which grandparents are caring for their grandchildren have become more common in recent decades. The most vulnerable of these households are those that do not include the middle generation (the children’s parents); in these families, grandparents are most often stepping in to raise the grandchildren because the parents are unable to do so because of incarceration, addiction, or mental illness, abuse or neglect of the children, or death.7 Families in which grandparents are raising 3 First 5 Alameda County. (2016) Neighborhood Partnership: San Leandro Library. On file with Urban Strategies Council. 4 Settersten, R., & Ray, B. (2010). What's Going on with Young People Today? The Long and Twisting Path to Adulthood. The Future of Children, 20(1), 19-41. Accessed at http://www.jstor.org/stable/27795058 5 Osgood, D., Foster, E., & Courtney, M. (2010). Vulnerable Populations and the Transition to Adulthood. The Future of Children, 20(1), 209-229. Accessed at http://www.jstor.org/stable/27795066 6 California Department of Education, DataQuest. Accessed at http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dataquest.asp 7 Population Reference Bureau. (No. 23: December 2011). “The Health and Well-Being of Grandparents Caring for Grandchildren.” Today’s Research on Aging. Accessed at http://www.prb.org/pdf11/TodaysResearchAging23.pdf.