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San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy <br />platform rather than through copper or fiber cables; therefore, <br />fixed wireless does not require satellite feeds or local phone <br />service. The advantages of fixed wireless include the ability to <br />connect with users in remote areas without the need for laying <br />new cables and the capacity for broad bandwidth that is not <br />impeded by fiber or cable capacities. <br />FTTN Fiber To The Neighborhood: A hybrid network architecture <br />involving optical fiber from the carrier network, terminating in a <br />neighborhood cabinet with converts the signal from optical to <br />electrical. <br />FTTP Fiber To The Premise (Or FTTB <br />Gigahertz A measure of electromagnetic wave frequency equal to one <br />thousand million (1,000,000,000) hertz, often abbreviated as <br />GHz and used to specify the radio frequency used by wireless <br />devices. 802.11a networks operate at 5 GHz. 802.1lb and g <br />networks use 2.4 GHz, which is susceptible to interference from <br />nearby cordless phones and microwave ovens that use the same <br />frequency. <br />GPON <br />Gigabyte- Capable Passive Optical Network: GPON uses a <br />different, faster approach (up to 2.5 Gbit/s in current products) <br />than BPON. <br />GSM <br />Global System for Mobile Communications: This is the current <br />radio /telephone standard in Europe and many other countries <br />except Japan and the United States. <br />Hub <br />A common connection point for devices, such as computers and <br />printers, in a network. <br />ILEC <br />Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier. An IL,EC is a telephone <br />company that was providing local service when the <br />Telecommunications Act of 1996 was enacted. Compare with <br />CLEC, a company that competes with the already established <br />local telephone business. <br />Industrial grade <br />Broadband service where the customer plays a much greater role <br />in provisioning and supporting the service, including buying <br />different elements from different vendors and managing <br />installation and support. Speeds would be higher — perhaps as <br />high as a Gigabit per second or more — and quality of service <br />levels could be as high as Tier 1. Comcast's Business Class <br />service or AT &T's business DSL service are examples of <br />16 July 2012 TellusVenture Associates Page 68 <br />