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2 1. Introduction Changing climate conditions such as higher temperatures, more intense periods of rainfall, and sea level rise are expected to exacerbate existing challenges that California’s cities and counties face as well as present new opportunities to bolster hazard mitigation and climate action efforts. State legislation seeks to promote the integration of climate change adaptation and resilience into local planning processes. Assembly Bill No. 2140 General plans: safety element (Hancock) enables local jurisdictions to adopt a local hazard mitigation plan with their Safety Element, facilitating integration of hazard mitigation into General Plans. Senate Bill No. 379 Land Use: general plan: safety element (Jackson) (SB 379) calls on local governments to incorporate adaptation and resilience strategies into Safety Elements of their General Plans as well as their local hazard mitigation plans. To support local governments’ implementation of SB 379, the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research recently issued draft guidelines for integrating climate considerations into Safety Elements. The draft guidelines build on the State’s Adaptation Planning Guide (2012), emphasize the need for communities to adopt a longer-term perspective in preparing for climate risks, and highlight the importance of identifying linkages and complementarity across different elements of the General Plan as well as other relevant plans. This climate change chapter was developed as part of an effort by StopWaste, Alameda County’s waste authority, to assist seven of the County’s cities1, including the City of San Leandro, respond to SB 379 requirements and promote a consistent approach to incorporating adaptation and resilience into relevant local plans in Alameda County. The chapter’s purpose is to describe projected changes in key climate hazards of concern for San Leandro and the citywide assets that these hazards are likely to affect as well as to present adaptation actions that the city may incorporate into relevant plans to address these hazards. The content is intended to inform the city’s efforts to incorporate climate hazards and adaptation strategies into its local hazard mitigation plan, General Plan Safety Element, and other relevant plans such as its climate action plan. In doing so, the content can also assist San Leandro in meeting requirements to position it for federal funding (e.g., Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)) and to meet voluntary commitments (e.g., Compact of Mayors). However, the information in this document should be situated in the context of the City’s other planning efforts and stakeholder inputs obtained through these other planning processes. In the remainder of this section, we provide an overview of San Leandro. Section 2 presents the climate hazard analysis, which helps San Leandro answer the questions “What climate change effects will a community experience?” (exposure) and “What aspects of a community (people, structures, and functions) will be affected?” (sensitivity) identified in Steps 1 and 2 of the State’s Adaptation Planning Guide2. The climate hazard analysis covers inland flooding, sea level rise, changes in temperature (including extreme heat) and precipitation, rainfall induced landslides, and wildfires, which align with the climate hazards prioritized in the Draft City of San Leandro 2015 Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. The analysis includes the probability of occurrence, extent of exposure, and assets affected by key climate 1 The six participating cities are Albany, Emeryville, Fremont, Hayward, Livermore, Piedmont and San Leandro. 2 This assessment focuses on the exposure of important assets to climate hazards of concern. Understanding vulnerability also requires an examination of the sensitivity of communities and functions as well as of adaptive capacity, which was outside the scope of this project, and for which the Adaptation Planning Guide describes a process. 46