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• LSL partners with other entities to reach customers outside of San Leandro. • It is expensive to build underground laterals City is expensive and slow to permit. Customer connection is almost always subsidized by LSL or City. Leasing to ISP via a wireless solution to extend to adjacent customers is usually the best solution. • LSL interested and open to recommendations to move more aggressively in terms of market expansion and working with City to offer services supplied on the network; recognizing opportunities to manage fiber more creatively (in- kind services provided by ISPs). • Introduce a virtual marketplace — a service that provides small business backup. • Enterprise based services—similar to Digital Reality Trust (DIRT). • Identifying mutual expansions plans between City and LSL will help to focus resources for expansion. RESIDENTIAL & BUSINESS SURVEY—COMMUNITY BROADBAND ASSESSMENT To assess the broadband experiences across the community, an online survey of San Leandro households and businesses was conducted. The surveys were promoted in large part with the help of San Leandro project staff. In sum, 1,883 (830 complete) San Leandro households54 and 89 (59 complete) businesses55 responded to the survey. The responses were entered into the survey platform and evaluated using Magellan's established data analysis techniques. No answer weighting or bias tools were applied to the data, and statistically significant differences between response categories are highlighted and discussed where relevant in the needs assessment narrative. The survey was designed to understand the current broadband environment, existing residential & business needs and future opportunities. Responses are summarized in this section, which provide insight into opportunities for fiber infrastructure to better serve the City's business community. Residential Survey and Needs Assessment Responses to the residential survey were evenly distributed among the three San Leandro zip code areas, with between 33 and 34 percent coming from each56. The average family size of respondents was 2.8 per household. This is slightly less than the 2.95 per household in California. 57 54 The high household response rate lends to a high statistical relevancy of data. With approximately 32,000 households in San Leandro, the 830 completed residential survey responses yield a 95% confidence level with a ±3.36% margin of error, exceeding industry research standards of 95% confidence level and a ±5% margin of error. ss With approximately 8,600 businesses in the City the total responses yield a statistically relevant 95% confidence level with a ±12.72% margin of error. Se Appendix D contains detailed graphs and maps from the residential survey results. 57 2012-2016, U.S. Census data 83 1 P a g 6 City of San Leandro, CA Fiber Master Plan