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CHAPTER 7 IMPLEMENTATION <br />FEE CREDITS OR REIMBURSEMENT <br />AGREEMENTS. As part of an impact fee <br />program, the City may establish a system <br />under which a developer can be credited <br />and/or reimbursed for an "oversized" <br />improvement if the improvement will <br />serve more than the development project. <br />Under a fee credit program fee, credits <br />can be provided by the City when a private <br />developer provides public improvements <br />or capital facilities that would otherwise be <br />paid for by the City with impact fee funds. <br />Reimbursement agreements are a form of <br />agreement in which a developer provides <br />infrastructure or facilities that serve the <br />needs of the broader area, which are <br />then dedicated or conveyed to the public. <br />The developer's additional costs are then <br />reimbursed by the City and/or future <br />development projectsthat benefitfrom the <br />infrastructure or facility. These programs <br />will require clear procedures for the <br />application, administration, and issuance <br />of fee credits and reimbursements. <br />Outside Sources <br />GRANT PROGRAMS. Various federal, state, <br />and regional grant programs distribute <br />funding for public improvements. Because <br />grant programs are typically competitive, <br />grant funds are an unpredictable funding <br />source, and the City of San Leandro must <br />remain vigilant in applying for grants to <br />implement the Bay Fair TOD Specific Plan. <br />USER AND SERVICE FEES. Other sources <br />can come from user/service fees charged <br />for the use of public infrastructure <br />or services (e.g. stormwater system <br />charges, wastewater collection fees), but <br />generally pay for ongoing operations and <br />maintenance of existing facilities. User <br />fees are unlikely to be a major source of <br />funding for implementation of the Specific <br />Plan. <br />District -Based Tools <br />Land -based financing tools are typically <br />associated with new real estate development <br />to generate benefit -based special assessment <br />revenues or property tax revenues to finance <br />improvements through bond repayment or <br />paying for improvements over time. District - <br />based tools provide a stable revenue stream, <br />while ensuring that properties benefiting from <br />improvements also contribute to those public <br />investments. The following table describes the <br />three primary types of district -based funding <br />and financing tools. Note that assessment <br />districts and community facilities districts <br />(CFD) primarily capture additional funding <br />from private entities, while the enhanced <br />infrastructure financing district reinvests <br />growth in public property tax revenues within <br />the district or Plan Area that would otherwise <br />accrue to the City. <br />A Mello -Roos community facilities district <br />(CFD) would provide a flexible and substantial <br />revenue source against which it is possible to <br />issue bonds for major capital improvements. <br />Revenues can also be used to fund ongoing <br />operation and maintenance expenses. <br />However, passage of a CFD in the Specific <br />Plan Area is likely to be challenging until <br />property owners reach consensus around <br />shared infrastructure needs and a willingness <br />to contribute significant monetary resources <br />toward resolving those needs. <br />133 <br />