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Housing Needs Assessment Draft Housing Element 2-17 challenges due to restricted income and/or accessibility needs. Persons with extreme disabilities may require housing in a supportive or institutional setting. Housing needs for persons with disabilities depends on the severity of the disability(ies). For persons with disabilities who live independently or with other family members, independent living can be supported with special housing features, financial support, and in-home supportive services. Housing for persons with disabilities must be adapted according to individual needs. Various types of housing may be inaccessible to persons with mobility and sensory limitations. Housing may need to be adapted to accommodate widened doorways and hallways, access ramps, larger bathrooms, lowered countertops, and other features necessary for accessibility, and many housing types may not have suitable space for such adaptations. Location of housing is also an important factor for persons with mobility restrictions who rely on public transportation for travel. Table 2.17 displays persons with disabilities in San Leandro by age group. According to the 2015- 2019 ACS, a total of 8,880 residents over the age of five had one or more disabilities, representing approximately 10.4 percent of the city’s population over the age of five. Adults aged 18 to 64 were estimated to have the largest share of persons with disabilities. Table 2.17 Persons with Disabilities by Age Group in San Leandro Age 5 to 17 Age 18 to 64 Age 65+ Total Persons with Disabilities 411 4,389 4,080 8,880 Note: Includes persons with one or more disabilities Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Data (2015-2019), Table C18108, Table B18102, Table B18103, Table B18104, Table B18105, Table B18106, Table B18107. Persons with Developmental Disabilities As defined by federal law, “developmental disability” means a severe, chronic disability of an individual that: ▪ Is attributable to a mental or physical impairment or combination of mental and physical impairments; ▪ Is manifested before the individual attains 18 years of age; ▪ Is likely to continue indefinitely; ▪ Results in substantial functional limitations in three or more of the following areas of major life activity: a) self-care; b) receptive and expressive language; c) learning; d) mobility; e) self- direction; f) capacity for independent living; or g) economic self- sufficiency; and ▪ Reflects the individual’s need for a combination and sequence of special, interdisciplinary, or generic services, individualized supports, or other forms of assistance that are of lifelong or extended duration and are individually planned and coordinated. Many persons with developmental disabilities can live and work independently in a conventional housing environment. More severely disabled individuals require a group living environment with supervision. The most severely affected individuals may require an institutional environment with medical services and physical therapy. Many persons with developmental disabilities require supportive services during the transition from childhood to a more independent living situation as an adult.