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Consulting Services Agreement between City of San Leandro and Last revised 04/17/2023 Terraphase Engineering for Sea Level Rise Master Plan Exhibit A – Page 8 of 13 The Terraphase Team will provide a variety of implementation actions for each adaptation strategy and identify a range of adaptation options that could apply within the study area. The following SLR adaptation strategies and specific implementation actions will be identified and developed: • We will identify project concepts to address assets which are most at-risk and consider a range of intervention options including accommodation, protection (with natural or engineered features), and retreat. We will incorporate innovative physical strategies including natural infrastructure and multi- objective design objectives to the extent possible. This process will include the screening of potential options based on feasibility. • We will develop conceptual designs for adaptation projects that are likely to be feasible and consistent with applicable regulatory constraints. • We will identify trigger points to inform the development of timelines for planning the implementation of adaptation measures. • We will develop a strategy for implementing specific adaptation projects to address the most significant risks within the study area. • We will prepare preliminary planning level budgetary costs for key conceptual designs utilizing a format that facilitates estimating for a range of project scales and accounting for cost escalation over time. The following potential adaptation options include some of the major categories of management goals common to estuarine programs (EPA Climate Ready Estuaries - Synthesis of Adaptation Options for Coastal Areas): • Maintain/restore wetlands • Maintain sediment transport • Preserve coastal land/development (including infrastructure) • Maintain shorelines utilizing “soft” measures • Maintain shorelines utilizing “hard” measures • Invasive species management • Preserve habitat for vulnerable species • Maintain water quality • Maintain water availability Each adaptation option may apply directly or indirectly to multiple management goals. For example, allowing wetlands to migrate inland will not only maintain wetlands, but could also directly address management goals of maintaining water quality and preserving habitat for vulnerable species. Adaptation options are categorized according to the management goal they most directly affect or address. It is also important to note that some adaptation options may contribute to the protection of human infrastructure, while causing detrimental effects to natural systems; for example, shoreline hardening could adversely affect wetlands by preventing sediment transport essential to that ecosystem. Since shoreline hardening, softening, and retreat options (i.e., promote wetland migration) all have individual benefits for shoreline and coastal protection, it may be beneficial to develop a comprehensive shoreline plan outlining which areas can benefit from the appropriate shoreline protection approach. A comprehensive shoreline plan allows managers to take into consideration priorities and tradeoffs and consider implementing different options in different areas according to which resources are most in need of protection.