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4/17/20 (P:\TER2001\BA\Special‐Status Species Biological Resources Habitat Assessment 4‐17‐20 .docx) 4 nesting range is outside the project area. These species consist of the western snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrines nivosus), California black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus), California Ridgway’s rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus), northern harrier (Circus hudsonius), San Francisco (saltmarsh) common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas sinuosa), tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor), redhead (Aytha americana), Barrow's goldeneye (Bucephala islandica), American white pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos), California brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis californicus), California least tern (Sterna antillarum browni), American peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum), short‐eared owl (Asio flammeus), Bryant’s savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis alaudinus), and yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia). Special‐Status Fish Several special‐status fish species are known to inhabit the San Francisco Bay and could briefly forage within the tidal slough. These fish species consist of the longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys), Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), North American green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris), white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), and coho salmon (O. kisutch). No suitable spawning or rearing habitat is present within the tidal slough for these fish species, but these species could occur in the slough during higher tides. Additionally, no historical occurrences of longfin smelt have been recorded as part of the San Francisco Bay Study at the CDFW survey stations near the project site (CDFW 2018). Restricting in‐water work involving the maintenance of the outfall during periods of low tides or installing a cofferdam around the work area for outfall modification or replacement would avoid potential impacts to these special‐status fish. Salt Marsh Wandering Shrew The project site contains limited suitable habitat for the salt marsh wandering shrew, which is a California Species of Special Concern. Impacts to this species, if present, could occur in the form of direct mortality. In addition, indirect impacts may occur with implementation of the proposed project as a result of increased noise or human activity during construction. In order to minimize potential impacts to salt marsh wandering shrew during construction, recommended mitigation measures (see below) would require the installation of exclusion fencing around the entire portion of the work area prior to construction activities and require a biological monitor to be present during initial habitat disturbance. Therefore, with implementation of the recommended mitigation measures, potential construction‐related impacts to salt marsh wandering shrew would be minimized. Pallid Bat and Other Special‐Status Bats The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a California Species of Special Concern that could roost in the structures on or adjacent to the project site. Suitable roosting habitat may be present in the concrete vault box located near the southwestern corner of the basin, but no bats or evidence of roosting were detected during the survey. RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES LSA recommends the following specific mitigation measures be implemented to ensure impacts to biological resources are avoided and minimized: