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18 Poverty is a useful, though limited, proxy for human services needs because people with income below the federal poverty level are likely to have difficulty meeting basic needs. However, the federal poverty guidelines do not take into account regional variations in the cost of living, so the poverty rate understates the extent to which people in high-cost regions like the Bay Area are struggling to make ends meet. Many people in San Leandro are struggling financially but are not under the federal poverty level. The poverty rate in San Leandro (10.6%) is slightly lower the County rate (12.5%), though it is higher than the median poverty rate among cities in Alameda County.29 According to the Self-Sufficiency Standard for Alameda County, in 2014 a family with two parents working full time with one preschooler and one school-aged child would need an income of $63,979 to adequately meet its basic needs, 268% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines ($23,850 for a family of four).30 An estimated 30% of San Leandro residents had income below 200% of the poverty level 2011-2015. Figure 1: Percentage of Population Below Poverty Level, Alameda County and Cities, 2011-15 Source: US Census Bureau. (2016). American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for 2011-2015. 29 US Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, 2011-2015. 30 Insight Center for Community Economic Development, Self-Sufficiency Tool for California. (2015). Accessed at http://www.insightcced.org/tools-metrics/self-sufficiency-standard-tool-for-california/. 4.0% 4.4% 5.2% 5.7% 6.1% 7.9% 8.1% 9.8% 10.6% 11.4% 11.9% 13.4% 20.4% 20.4% 12.5% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% Dublin Pleasanton Piedmont Livermore Fremont Newark Union City Alameda San Leandro Albany Emeryville Hayward Berkeley Oakland Alameda County