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-- DRAFT -- 2025-2029 ConPlan & FY 2025-2026 Annual Action Plan Page 48 of 90 MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3) Describe the jurisdiction’s increased natural hazard risks associated with climate change. San Leandro, located along the shoreline of the San Francisco Bay at an average elevation of 56 feet, is highly vulnerable to climate change. The City’s urbanization, which includes residential, industrial, and mixed-use areas along the southwest shoreline, makes it particularly susceptible to a variety of climate hazards. Key risks include sea level rise, high tides, and flooding, particularly in the southwestern portion of the City. These risks threaten to disrupt mobility and damage essential infrastructure and industry that are vital to the City and regional economy. In addition to flooding, San Leandro faces increased temperature levels due to climate change, contributing to more frequent and severe heat waves. Projections from the California Climate Adaptation Strategy (2023) indicate that California’s average annual temperature will rise by 5.6°F to 8.8°F by 2100, with urban areas like San Leandro experiencing more intense and frequent heat events. This temperature increase is expected to lead to higher risks of heat-related illnesses, especially for vulnerable populations. Furthermore, the state’s rising temperatures contribute to drier conditions in summer months, increasing the risk of wildfires and putting further pressure on water resources and energy infrastructure. The California Climate Adaptation Strategy also highlights the potential impacts of sea level rise and extreme weather events, with projections showing rising sea levels impacting low-lying coastal areas such as San Leandro’s shoreline. This could cause substantial flooding, exacerbating risks for vulnerable populations living in flood-prone areas. The City’s 2025-2029 CDBG ConPlan Community Stakeholder survey revealed that the Marina area, located along the City’s shoreline, is particularly vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly flooding. This sentiment underscores the heightened vulnerability of San Leandro’s coastal and low-lying areas to climate change impacts. Local plans, such as the Alameda County 2022 Climate Adaptation and Hazard Mitigation Plan, outline strategies for reducing the risks of natural hazards, including flooding, sea level rise, and heat waves. These plans call for enhanced climate resilience efforts, particularly in communities like San Leandro that are at risk of compounded climate hazards. Furthermore, addressing climate change in San Leandro requires a comprehensive approach to mitigate the risks associated with sea level rise, flooding, and extreme heat. The California Climate Adaptation Strategy (2023) emphasizes the urgency of preparing for these challenges and enhancing climate resilience in the City. Describe the vulnerability to these risks of housing occupied by low- and moderate-income households based on an analysis of data, findings, and methods. Low- and moderate-income households in San Leandro, particularly those in affordable housing developments, are especially vulnerable to climate hazards, including flooding and extreme heat. According to the City’s Climate Hazard Assessment (July 2017) and updated FEMA flood maps (2018), a significant number of affordable housing assets are situated in areas with a one percent and 0.2 percent chance of flooding annually. While the Climate Hazard Assessment focused on the City’s overall assets, a review of affordable housing locations shows that these areas are at considerable risk of flooding, particularly along the shoreline and the southern edge of the City. Notably, a large portion of affordable housing is concentrated in these flood-prone zones. The largest privately held low-income housing tax credit development in the City, Lakeside Village, which contains