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excited by the possibilities it provides, more active outreach efforts will be needed to spread the word to businesses and industry associations outside of the City. Businesses such as advanced manufacturing, medical research, graphic arts, software development, and data management could thrive in San Leandro because of the presence of this fiber loop. The City should work to ensure that these types of industries are made aware of the opportunities Lit San Leandro and other local bandwidth providers create. However, the Lit San Leandro project will not, by itself, solve all of the City’s commercial broadband access problems or be the preferred solution for every potential new business relocation or existing business upgrade. By supporting service providers non-exclusively and at a level appropriate to case by case circumstances, the City will maximize the benefit of its commercial broadband initiatives to all local businesses, including Lit San Leandro. The agreement with Lit San Leandro will provide the City with up to 28 dark fiber strands throughout the network. Some of this capacity can be used to support City operations, and assist other public agencies. However, a small number of fiber strands will be sufficient for this purpose. The City has the contractual right to re-market its unused strands at its sole discretion, and it should hold these strands in reserve against the possibility that capacity offered by Lit San Leandro or other service providers is unavailable or unsuited for meeting economic development goals. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 34 Whether it is by working cooperatively with the venture or by utilizing the fiber strands it provides, the City can make use of the funding sources described below to assist the development of Lit San Leandro, in the same way it could for other telecommunications service providers. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 35 9. Downtown San Leandro Hotspots Downtown San Leandro has a higher density of small businesses and a higher amount of foot traffic and retail activity than the other three identified under/unserved areas. Problematic wireless connectivity was cited in the research conducted for this study as an issue for Downtown San Leandro businesses. Improving public broadband availability can overcome this problem and potentially create a competitive advantage for existing business and an incentive for business considering relocating to Downtown San Leandro. 9.1. Recommendation 6: limited, free WiFi One solution is to install outdoor WiFi access points at key locations, connect it to existing City fiber or other network infrastructure and offer free, unsupported service. Depending on the type of area and the equipment required, these kinds of hotspots can cost from less than $1,000 to about $6,000 each to build, plus the cost of network access. Operating costs (exclusive of connectivity) are generally less than $1,000 per location per year, sometimes considerably less. The cost of Internet connectivity could range from a high of around a $1,000 per location per year down to very little, if existing resources such as Lit San Leandro fiber and shared Internet bandwidth could be brought into play. The City could play several different roles in the project, for example owning and operating it outright, coordinating an opt-in program funded by local merchants or including it in the scope of a public improvement district. Providing fiber connections to hotspots or arranging for Internet bandwidth sharing are other roles the City could play. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 36 10.City Business Assistance Grants The City of San Leandro has incentive programs that provide small grants and forgivable loans for eligible business projects. Traditionally these programs have been used to support facade improvement projects and energy efficiency projects. 10.1.Recommendation 7: support business connections to broadband services A broadband connections program should be added to the list of incentives the City offers, in order to assist local businesses in meeting the upfront capital costs of connecting to broadband networks. Doing so will benefit small, medium and large businesses in the short term and improve the long term viability of buildings that will also benefit from improved broadband access. Making broadband an eligible use of these programs would not necessarily require additional funding if broadband projects were simply included as part of the current budget appropriation. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 37 11.Potential Funding Sources Although the end of redevelopment agencies in California eliminated an important source of financing for economic development and infrastructure, other federal and state programs offer an opportunity for local agencies to partner with service providers and facilitate access to funds. Some of these programs might provide financial assistance to service providers that want to build facilities to reach under and unserved commercial areas of San Leandro. 1. Federal economic development programs. The federal Department of Commerce, through the Economic Development Administration, will partially fund public works projects used for economic development purposes. Broadband projects are theoretically eligible for this funding, and it is ideally suited to funding lateral extensions to under and unserved commercial and industrial areas. As noted above, the City is already pursuing this funding. 2. California Advanced Services Fund. The California Legislature has renewed this program and provided the California Public Utilities Commission with an additional $125 million to use in extending broadband service to underserved and unserved areas of the state. Although this program is more commonly thought of in connection with rural areas, it does not preclude urban infill projects. CASF funding is available to telecommunications companies that meet certain requirements for projects in geographical areas that lack defined levels of broadband service. The City can assist companies in applying for this funding by providing and validating information regarding unserved areas, including those areas identified in this study. 4. Educational broadband programs. The federal E-rate program provides subsidies to schools and libraries, including funds to upgrade services under certain circumstances. The Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California (CENIC) funds, builds and manages educational broadband networks in California, including high capacity networks for higher education. Generally, the the specific resources funded through these sorts of programs are restricted to use only by qualified schools, libraries and research institutions, but in many cases those specific resources can be purchased from or be made part of a larger project. When lateral construction and other network extensions are planned in San Leandro, consideration should be given to opportunities to link to eligible schools and libraries that might be able to contribute such funds. 5. Telemedicine programs. As with educational broadband programs, federal and state agencies provide funding for broadband resources that support telemedicine programs. For example, the California Telehealth Network, based at U.C. Davis, receives federal funding to provide network services to, primarily, rural health care facilities. Typically, San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 38 telemedicine programs buy services from existing providers rather than constructing facilities, and can potentially be anchor tenants of new broadband projects. The possibility of tapping into these funds should be considered whenever a health care provider can be served by proposed lateral or other network extensions in San Leandro. 6. Public agencies as anchor tenants. Local governments are no different than any other large organization: broadband access is essential and is included, to one extent or another, in budgets. The assumptions that underly many public agency budgets will be changing dramatically in the next few years. In cases where public agencies face rising costs for telecommunications services, it might make more sense to spend information technology and telecommunication budgets on building facilities rather than leasing increasingly expensive services. If a public building is located in (or proposed for) a prospective broadband project area, it might be possible to negotiate a long term lease that provides an assured source of income for the project while saving money for the agency involved. 7. Public works projects. If coordinated with service providers through an open trench program, planned street and other improvements create an opportunity to greatly reduce the cost of broadband facility construction. There might be cases where broadband facilities, particularly empty conduit, can be included in project budgets. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 39 12.Appendix A – Research 12.1.Online survey questions 1. What is the name of your business? 2. What is your business address? 3. Business zip code. 4. Type of business. 5. How many people are employed at this location? 6. What broadband services do you presently subscribe to? 7. From what provider do you presently receive internet service? 8. If other, please specify service provider(s) 9. What is the internet speed of your current connection (in megabits per second, or mbps) 10. What do you presently pay per month for you broadband service? 11. Is this a bundled service (includes phone and/or other services)? 12. How satisfied are you with the speed of your current broadband service? 13. How satisfied are you with the reliability of your current service? 14. How satisfied are you with the value you are currently receiving? 15. How satisfied are you with the range of broadband options available at your location? 16. How important is broadband availability to your business operations? 17. What improvements would you most like to see in broadband availability for your business? 18. What broadband services would you like to have that are not presently available to your location? 19. Please provide any additional information about your broadband needs. Specifically, what improvements would be most beneficial to your business? 20. Name. 21. Phone. 22. Email. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 40 12.2.Business workshop responses and notes Workshop 1: 19 July 2011, 12:00 pm What they have: T-1 1.5 Mbps, unreliable, on Davis west of Doolittle Dial up at first then Comcast come in and tenants started using that. Estudillo. Uverse – 12 mbps -plus mobile/mifi up to 3 mbps, on Bancroft Mobile/wireless DSL – 1 Mbps, Bancroft near Sybil and Pontiac near Broadmoor Mobile/wireless Bank of America – get it from ATT, having problems Next generation business: Critical need for business – 3 said yes, for design work, for doctors and dentists and to attract new business. Broadband is a barrier to expansion, need it for communication and doing business online. Voice service is OK. One said “nice to have”, consistency is the issue. Willing to pay more for more options -data caps are an issue -want more options -cost of new construction/installation is an issue -would be happy with 5-6 Mbps if it was consistent Ranking concerns: 1. Reliability 2. Speed 3. Cost Future issues: Consistency will be increasingly important important Reliability – agree More mobile usage Amount of bandwidth increasing, demand increasing, eg Netflix More Ethernet backbone Demand will skyrocket Broadband will be a key competitive issue for cities All businesses are becoming information businesses, -time frames increasingly shorter -the chemical industry is becoming an information industry San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 41 Locations for expansion: Estudillo Davis Closer to the water is better Two said Marina/Westside Everywhere Residential Marina and Merced Actually at the marina Risks to city: Not doing it Wireless Damage to city fiber Manufacturers -broadband increasingly critical. Attendees had the following general comments about the impact of broadband on their availability: Broadband is not a substantial cost of doing business Would be willing to pay more for better options Worried about the possibility of data caps in the future Reliability is more important than cost and speed Within the next 20 years, the following needs are possible/expected: Consistent control of speed Speed improvements More mobile options Large-scale system capacity A stronger Ethernet backbone Competition from other cities Increased need for data transfer More cloud computing Reactions to the proposed fiber loop: We should do it How does this relate to the expansion of wireless networks? Risk of damage to City networks If built, what are the priority areas for expansion of the fiber network? Estudillo? San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 42 Get as close as possible to the Bay Other service providers could use this to improve service Serve the Marina area Push to industrial areas, don’t duplicate residential capabilities Workshop 2: 26 July 2011, 8:00 a.m. Current access: Custom T1 Uverse at home, about $100, fast. On Joaquin, use Comcast. OSI -10 Mbps MPLS, T1s, T3. Quality is the biggest issue. Stressing the network with VOIP, teleconferencing, data. Formerly Comcast, now Uverse DSL advertised at 1.5 Mbps but delivering 300K. Price is high. Westside of town: no DSL available for years. Comcast and Uverse difficult to get, difficult for families, particularly for children with homework, difficult for the schools. Complicated, expensive menu, paying too much. Next Generation Business: Heavy user of technology. Access situation is very hard now. Leads to growth and jobs. Concern -site locations, cell sites near certain places. Underground is OK though. Need capacity to handle residential and business demands simultaneously. Would like next gen service like FIOS. Expect to see more traffic-based cost structures. San Leandro seems to be low priority for upgrades. Need to plan ahead, 20 years? More? Need to consider impact on health. Risks to City: It’s a good idea to worry about where to go, need to worry about residences too. Why wasn’t this done years ago. It’ll increase the tax base. How do you build off ramps --the City should be concerned with that. Regulation? How is it regulated? General comments about the impact of broadband on their availability: Would like to see expanded fiber to residential users Some concerns on residential, but business service is a priority Also need to consider service to the schools San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 43 With increased use of telecommuting, residential service often is business service If history repeats itself, San Leandro will be last on the list as new technology comes online Reactions to the proposed fiber loop Any City revenue should be used for smaller residential customer price relief Bigger conduits will facilitate expansion in the future How will you build the off-ramps to make connections? Look at Silicon Valley Power as a model, service providers are customers, not competition What will be the impact of PUC regulation? How does this relate to the East Bay EDA Broadband Consortium? San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 44 13.Appendix B – City Policy Documents Memorandum To: Luke Sims, Community Development Director Via: Kathleen Livermore, Interim Planning Manager From: Maryann Miller, Planner III Date: September 19, 2007 Re: AT&T Project Lightspeed Information for Weekly Update After researching what other cities, including Oakland and San Ramon, did regarding granting encroachment permits for AT&T Project Lightspeed, the City of San Leandro developed its own process for evaluating the placement of utility boxes in the public Right-of-Way (ROW). The following is a brief outline of the process that the City is currently following, in cooperation with AT&T. Background Project Lightspeed is a network upgrade that will allow AT&T to replace existing facilities so that they can provide additional digital transmission using the common language of the Internet – Internet Protocol or “IP” as the universal platform for all of its services. In order to accomplish this, AT&T is proposing to place approximately 114 utility boxes (59” wide by 48” high by 26” deep) in the public ROW throughout various neighborhoods in San Leandro. Each location is being evaluated by both the Engineering and Planning Departments to ensure that their placement is associated with the fewest impacts possible to San Leandro neighborhoods and to avoid any potential aesthetic or sight distance issues, as well as other any other potential concerns. San Leandro, unlike other jurisdictions, is not requiring a formal entitlement process for the project. Instead, Planning & Engineering are using a cost recovery process wherein staff time is allocated to evaluate each of the sites and this information is conveyed to AT&T. AT&T then is required to either relocate the utility box to a more suitable location, paint the utility box to blend in with existing natural features, or is otherwise conditioned to improve the project. Public Notification The City of San Leandro is sending out courtesy notices (with a photograph of a typical utility box) to adjacent property owners and tenants, informing them about the project and providing them with a 14-day comment period. City staff is fielding questions as they arise from the public about the project. Additionally, AT&T’s contact information is posted on the notices in case residents have additional questions about Project Lightspeed. If, after the notification period commences, no additional comments are received from the public and no new issues are raised, Engineering issues an encroachment permit to AT&T to begin work within the public right-of-way. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 45 CONDITIONS OF APPROVAL AT&T PROJECT LIGHTSPEED 16 Preda Street (CN#0812-6368040) The following Conditions of Approval shall apply to the encroachment permit issued for the AT&T Project Lightspeed location at 16 Preda Street, San Leandro. The encroachment permit conditions are not limited to the Standard Conditions. The applicable provisions of the Federal and State law, and City of San Leandro laws, ordinances, regulations and standards shall also be considered as conditions of all encroachment permits. The City of San Leandro may modify any of these conditions or add conditions as necessary. Standard Conditions 1. AT&T representatives shall be available to answer inquiries from adjacent property owners and members of the public who may be affected by placement of utility boxes adjacent to their business or residence. 2. Notice shall be provided to adjacent property owners at least fourteen (14) days prior to commencement of construction. 3. Additional notification shall consist of a 48-hour door hanger notice provided by AT&T with their logo and contact information. 4. Construction activities shall be generally limited to weekdays between the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, unless otherwise directed by the Engineering Department. Any Saturday work requires prior City approval by the Wednesday before that week-end. Construction activities on Sundays and City-observed holidays are prohibited. 5. Placement of structures should be done as closely as possible to the nearest building, fence or other existing structure, or as otherwise directed by the City, to minimize potential visual impacts and blend in with the existing environment as much as possible. 6. Whenever feasible, placement of the boxes shall consider existing, mature landscaping or other natural features in order to allow the utility boxes to blend in as much as possible with existing conditions. 7. Utility boxes in residential areas shall be scattered to avoid “clustering” of more than one box in a single location unless otherwise instructed to reduce visual impacts. 8. No utility boxes shall be allowed at a major intersection that fall within the visibility triangles of that intersection, whenever feasible. 9. During the closure of a sidewalk during construction, signs shall be placed directing pedestrians to nearby alternative sidewalks or walkways. 10. Access to driveways for businesses, apartments, homes and side streets shall be maintained at all times. 11. AT&T shall submit to the City a list of their “on-call” contractors, in case of emergency during construction activities. 12. AT&T shall comply with Bay Area Air Quality Management District, Federal Clean Air Act and State of California Air Quality Standards. 13. AT&T shall use Best Management practices to comply with the City of San Leandro Stormwater Management Discharge and Control Ordinance, Title III, Chapter 14 of the San Leandro Municipal Code. 14. AT&T shall comply with all other applicable City standards and specifications. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 46 Site Specific Conditions: 15. AT&T shall relocate proposed utility box next to existing SAI, closer to Davis Street to move further away from single-family residences. 16. AT&T shall provide City of San Leandro with revised plans and photosimulations showing the proposed utility box in its new location. Page 2 16 Preda Street San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 47 4 April 2012 Dear Property Owner: RE: Job # 6368040 AT&T California plans to provide your neighborhood with enhanced communication services through an initiative called Project Lightspeed. AT&T is upgrading its network to deliver new services that will bring your neighborhood next-generation interactive TV, enhanced video\home entertainment services and super high-speed Internet connections —all through your phone line. As they do so, they are committed to being a good neighbor and working with communities like San Leandro, as well as individual property owners. You’ll likely see signs of their upgrade progress in your neighborhood. AT&T is working cooperatively with the City of San Leandro to keep you informed. Above ground cabinetry is an integral component of the infrastructure upgrade. In most cases they are about 48 inches high, 26 inches deep, and 59 inches wide, and one cabinet will service your neighborhood. It will be located adjacent to 16 Preda Street, near Davis Street. There will also be some associated trenching of the pavement near the new boxes which will be restored to like-new condition. Construction will begin in the next several weeks and will take about 10 to14 days to complete. This will be done with the utmost consideration to you and your neighbors. If you have any questions about Project Lightspeed overall, please contact AT&T within the next fourteen (14) days, or by January 4, 2008, by leaving a message at (866) 476-1212. An AT&T representative will contact you by the next business day. For further information about the project location, you may also contact Kelly Hamer, Planner, City of San Leandro Community Development Department, at (510) 577-3348. { 16.79 Preda St –Job #6368040 } San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 48 Typical utility box installation for Project Lightspeed { 16.79 Preda St –Job #6368040 } San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 49 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 50 14.Appendix C – Maps Prepared by City of San Leandro Geographic Information Systems. 1. Preliminary map showing areas with problems accessing commercial and industrial grade Internet connectivity, based on information developed in the course of research conducted for this study. This map also shows AT&T Project Lightspeed node locations and illustrative service radii, per Map 7 below. 2. Broadband development priority areas identified in the City of San Leandro, in relation to the Lit San Leandro fiber route. 3. Overall broadband availability data claimed by local carriers, as provided to the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). This data includes wireless as well as incumbent wireline carriers such as AT&T and Comcast, and may not fully reflect actual availability. 4. Areas of San Leandro where AT&T and/or Comcast claim to offer service that meets the CPUC’s minimum 6 Mbps download and 1.5 Mbps upload standard. Data provided by CPUC. 5. Areas of San Leandro where Comcast claims to meet the CPUC’s CPUC’s minimum 6 Mbps download and 1.5 Mbps upload standard. Data provided by CPUC. 6. Areas of San Leandro where AT&T claims to meet the CPUC’s minimum 6 Mbps download and 1.5 Mbps upload standard. Data provided by CPUC. 7. AT&T Project Lightspeed node locations and illustrative service radii. The actual service area of any given node will be different from that shown, perhaps greatly different. However, the overall pattern shows generally that Project Lightspeed upgrades were targeted to residential rather than commercial or industrial areas of San Leandro. San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 51 !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !.!. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !. !.!. !. !. .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-!.3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! 3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-!.3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! .3-! San Le andro Creek San Leandro Creek Alameda C ountyFlo o d Control Distr ict Washington-Est u dilloCanal San Lorenzo Creek L a k e C h a b o t Fiber Other AboveNet 5 City Fiber City of San Leandro Lit San Leandro S a n F r a n c i s c o B a y AT&T Lightspeed 1500' Buffer !. AT&T Lightspeed Locations AT&T Lightspeed .3-! Cell Towers CPUC MAXSPEED 1.5 mbps -2 mbps 3 mbps -5 mbps 6 mbps -9 mbps 10 mbps -24 mbps 25 mbps -49 mbps 50 mbps -99 mbps 1 gbps + Known Issues Self Reported Survey Locations Provider Reported ± 1 0.5 0 1Miles © City of San Leandro. All rights reserved. Geographic Information Systems. December 2011 City of San Leandro Preliminary Broadband Coverage Review, December 21, 2011 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 52 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 53 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 54 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 55 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 56 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 57 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 58 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 59 San Leandro Commercial Broadband Strategy 16 July 2012 Tellus Venture Associates Page 60 15.Appendix D – Broadband Policy Benchmarks Policy Benchmark Source Facilitation of Infrastructure Development Delineates the process for ensuring fairness and competition, including transparency, public notice and timetables and deadlines for timely review of any required local permits. CETF Promulgates procedures to streamline the approval of easement encroachment permits consistent with principles of fairness and competition for all providers. CETF Requires and provides a process for notification and information about all major infrastructure and construction projects, including transportation projects and new residential subdivisions, to a shared data base so that broadband and other utility providers have the opportunity to coordinate infrastructure deployment in shared trenches, conduit, poles and towers, and other appurtenances. CETF